22IMC7Z2 - CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

 

                 


UNIT - I     

    INTRODUCTION AND EMERGENCY PROVISIONS

               1.1 Historical Background of the Indian Constitution: The Company Rule & The Crown Rule

               1.2 Constituent Assembly: Composition & Objectives                

               1.3 Preamble and Salient Features of the Indian Constitution

               1.4 Fundamental Rights AND Fundamental Duties

               1.5 Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs)

              1.6 Emergency Provisions - National Emergency, President Rule, Financial Emergency.


  UNIT- II 

    SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT

             2.1 Parliamentary System in India: Merits, Demerits & Reasons for Adoption

            2.2 Federal System in India: Evaluation of Federal Features

            2.3 Centre–State Relations in India: Legislative, Administrative and Financial Relations

            2.4 Local Government in India: Panchayati Raj and Urban Local Government




UNIT- III 

    UNION AND STATE GOVERNMENT

        3.1 President of India: Election, Powers and Functions

           3.2 Prime Minister and Cabinet: Structure and Functions

           3.3 Governor : Powers and Functions

           3.4 Chief Minister and Council of Ministers: Functions


UNIT- IV

    ORGANS OF GOVERNANCE AND RECENT ACTS

        4.1 Parliament: Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha – Composition and Powers

            4.2 State Legislature: Legislative Assembly & Legislative Council – Composition and Powers

            4.3 Judicial System in India: Structure and Features

             4.4 Supreme Court and High Court: Composition, Jurisdiction, Recent acts in significance-RTI, Citizenship act, POCSO act.

         


UNIT- V

    POLITICAL DYNAMICS 

       5.1 Political Parties: Party System, Recognition of National and State Parties

          5.2 Elections: Electoral System and Reforms – Pressure Groups

          5.3 National Integration: Obstacles, National Integration Council

          5.4 Foreign Policy: Principles and Objectives




— End of Article | Aivette-COI (Constitution of India by Aivette)

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1.1 Historical Background of the Indian Constitution: The Company Rule & The Crown Rule

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SIMPLY SMART Introduction The Indian Constitution did not emerge in a single day. It evolved through a long period of foreign rule, administrative experiments, political reforms, and growing national awakening . Two major phases played a crucial role in shaping India’s governance structure: The Company Rule (1757–1858) The Crown Rule (1858–1947) Understanding these phases helps us see how India moved from colonial control to democratic self-governance , ultimately leading to the making of the Indian Constitution. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 1. THE COMPANY RULE (1757–1858) (Also called the East India Company Administration) Definition The Company Rule refers to the period when the British East India Company governed and administered large parts of India after winning military and political control. Key Features of the Company Rule 1. Battle of Plassey (1757) Beginning of British political rule in India EIC defeated Siraj-ud-Daulah Company became a major politi...
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1.2 Constituent Assembly: Composition & Objectives

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